Stories are 22 times more memorable than facts. That's the number nearly every article on this topic repeats. It's usually credited to Stanford. Nobody who has traced it back has found a study that actually produced that figure, including two separate people who went looking specifically to confirm it.
The 22x claim vs the actual research
The widely repeated number sits well above what either real study found.
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Widely repeated claim (unverified)
22x
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Heath brothers classroom study
13x
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1969 Stanford recall study
6.5x
Anecdote and Patience Davies, independent investigations into the origin of the 22x claim; Chip and Dan Heath, Made to Stick.
Two real studies do exist, and they land lower than 22. A 1969 Stanford study had students memorize word lists, half using plain recall and half building a story around the words. The story group remembered about 6 to 7 times more. Separately, an experiment described in the book Made to Stick had students give short speeches, some using statistics and some using a story. Ten minutes later, 5% of listeners could recall a statistic, but 63% could recall a story, a gap of roughly 12 to 13 times.
Neither result is 22. The number that gets repeated appears to be a rounded-up or garbled version of one of these, told and retold until it hardened into a fact nobody checks anymore.
92% of consumers want brand content that feels like a story
92% of consumers say they want brands to make ads and content that feel like a story rather than a straightforward pitch. This comes from a 2015 survey of UK adults.
That gap between what most content still looks like and what audiences say they want is the entire business case for investing in storytelling over straight product messaging.
Consumers who want story-like brand content
92% of UK adults surveyed said they want brands to make content that feels like a story rather than a straightforward pitch.
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Want ads that feel like a story
92%
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Everyone else
8%
Headstream, The Brand Storytelling Report, 2015.
Consumers prefer stories about ordinary people, not celebrities
66% of people say the best brand stories are about regular, everyday people rather than celebrities or company executives. This preference held across every age group in the same 2015 survey, and it grew stronger with age.
The reason given is straightforward: ordinary people give a customer something real to compare themselves to. A celebrity endorsement doesn't.
Consumers who prefer stories about ordinary people
The preference held across every age group and grew stronger with age.
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Prefer stories about regular people
66%
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Everyone else
34%
Headstream, The Brand Storytelling Report, 2015.
Loving a brand's story makes people more likely to buy
55% of consumers say they would consider buying from a company in the future if they loved that company's story. A further share said they'd follow the brand's page or share the story with others, meaning a good story pays off beyond the immediate sale.
Consumers more likely to buy after loving a brand's story
A further share said they would follow the brand's page or share the story, beyond the immediate sale.
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Would consider buying after loving the story
55%
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Everyone else
45%
Headstream, The Brand Storytelling Report, 2015.
Storytelling is a priority for most UK marketers
79% of UK marketing decision-makers say creating an emotional response is the most essential part of storytelling, and a similar share prioritize stories in their marketing messages overall. This isn't a fringe tactic, it's what most people running marketing budgets already say matters most.
UK marketers who prioritize storytelling
79% of UK marketing decision-makers say creating an emotional response is the most essential part of storytelling.
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Prioritize storytelling in marketing
79%
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Everyone else
21%
Headstream, The Brand Storytelling Report, 2015.
Sources View the 4 sources behind this article
- Anecdote, The Link Between Memory and Stories (investigation of the 1969 Bower & Clark Stanford study)
- Patience Davies, Just Where Did the Claim That Stories Are 22 Times More Memorable Than Facts Alone Come From?
- Chip Heath and Dan Heath, Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die (Random House, 2007)
- Headstream, The Brand Storytelling Report, 2015
The 22x figure could not be traced to any underlying study by two independent investigations. The two real studies cited here, Stanford's 1969 recall experiment and the Heath brothers' classroom study, both land lower than 22x.